![]() ![]() The mean proportion of face- and object-selective voxels in the fusiform gyrus and posterior STS identified using the following contrasts, face minus rest (FR), object minus rest (OR) and face minus object (FO). This pattern suggests similar object form topography in the ventral temporal cortex of chimpanzees and humans, in which faces may represent a special class of visual stimulus. This revealed numerous distinct patches of face-selective activity in the fusiform gyrus that were interspersed within a large expanse of object-selective cortex. In order to identify regions that were exclusively active during one task, but not the other, a resting-state condition was subtracted from each task and the activity exclusive to each task was identified. A whole brain analysis comparing these two tasks directly in five chimpanzees revealed significant face-selective activity in brain regions known to comprise the distributed cortical face processing network in humans, including superior temporal sulcus and orbitofrontal cortex. This study is the first to examine regional cerebral glucose metabolism using 18F-Flurodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in chimpanzees after they performed computerized tasks matching conspecifics’ faces and nonface objects ( SOM#2). While comparative studies suggest similar cognitive processes underlie face recognition in chimpanzees and humans, it remains unknown whether chimpanzees also show face-selective activity in ventral temporal cortex. ![]() Among humans, face recognition involves highly specialized cognitive and neural processes that enable the recognition of specific individuals. ![]()
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